GMRS/FRS in CANADA

The provisions of this annex are for Family Radio Service (FRS)/General Mobile Radio Service (GMRS) and General Mobile Radio Service-M devices.

E.1 Family Radio Service (FRS)/General Mobile Radio Service (GMRS)

This section applies specifically to Family Radio Service (FRS)/General Mobile Radio Service (GMRS) devices.

E.1.1 Restrictions

The following restrictions shall apply:

1. FRS/GMRS devices are not permitted to include transmitter(s) (or transmitting modes) operating in other licence and licence-exempt services except services covered in RSS-210 and RSS-247, Digital Transmission Systems (DTSs), Frequency Hopping Systems (FHSs) and Licence-Exempt Local Area Network (LE-LAN) Devices.
2. FRS/GMRS devices are permitted to transmit non-voice emission exclusively for selective calling or tone-operated squelch to establish or continue a voice communication, or to transmit digital data containing location information or text messaging, and are subject to the following restrictions:
   1. An FRS/GMRS unit may transmit tones to make contact or to continue communications with a particular FRS/GMRS unit. If the tone is audible (greater than 300 Hz), it may be transmitted continuously for periods not exceeding 15 seconds at a time. If the tone is inaudible (300 Hz or less), it may be transmitted continuously only while the user is talking.
   2. An FRS/GMRS unit may transmit digital data containing location information or requesting location information from one or more other FRS/GMRS units, or containing a brief text message to another specific FRS/GMRS unit. Digital data transmissions must be initiated by the user using a manual action or command. However, an FRS/GMRS unit receiving an interrogation request may automatically respond with its location. Digital data transmissions shall not exceed 1 second, and shall be limited to one transmission within a 30-second period. However, an FRS/GMRS unit may automatically respond to more than one interrogation request received within a 30-second period.
3. The antenna of FRS devices must be an integral part of the unit.
4. FRS/GMRS devices shall not:
   1. be designed to interconnect to public switched telephone networks
   2. be designed to transmit data in store-and-forward packet operation mode
   3. incorporate one or more scrambling features
5. All frequency determining circuitry, including crystals and programming controls, must be internal to the transmitter and made inaccessible to the user from the exterior of the device.

E.1.2 Channel frequencies

The 22 simplex channel carrier frequencies for use by FRS/GMRS devices are provided in table E1.

E.1.3 Emission types and modulation requirements

FRS/GMRS devices shall transmit only these emission types: A1D, A3E, F1D, F2D, F3E, G1D, G2D, G3E, H1D, H3E, J1D, J3E, R1D and R3E. Each device shall have the capability to transmit F3E or G3E emissions.

For frequency modulation and phase modulation, the peak frequency deviation shall not exceed ±2.5 kHz for channels 8-14 and ±5 kHz for other channels.

For emission type A3E, the modulation shall be greater than 85% and shall not exceed 100%. For other amplitude modulation, the modulation shall not exceed 100%.

E.1.4 Authorized bandwidth

The authorized bandwidth is 12.5 kHz for channels 8-14 and 20 kHz for other channels.

E.1.5 Transmitter output power and effective radiated power (e.r.p.)

Transmitter output power shall be measured as average carrier power during one unmodulated cycle when transmitting emission type A1D, A3E, F1D, F2D, F3E, G1D, G2D or G3E and as peak envelope power when transmitting emission type H1D, H3E, J1D, J3E, R1D or R3E.

The maximum permissible transmitted e.r.p. of the equipment under any operating conditions shall not exceed 0.5 W for channels 8-14 and 2 W for other channels.

E.1.6 Tone requirements

In addition to the tones permitted in section E.1.1 (b), FRS/GMRS devices are permitted to transmit brief tones to indicate the end of a transmission.

E.1.7 Audio frequency filter

FRS/GMRS devices shall include an audio frequency low-pass filter, unless they comply with the emission masks without filter in section E.1.8 The filter must be between the modulation limiter and the modulated stage of the transmitter and its attenuation shall comply with the limits in table E2.

Table E2 — Audio frequency filter attenuation for FRS/GMRS devices

Frequency, f (kHz)	Attenuation greater than the attenuation at 1 kHz (dB)
3 ≤ f ≤ 20	60 log10(f/3)
f > 20	50

E.1.8 Transmitter unwanted emissions

Unwanted emissions shall be attenuated below the transmitter output power in accordance with the following, where “f_d” is the difference between the channel frequency and the emission component frequency expressed in kHz and “p” is the transmitter output power in Watts.

1. For emission types A1D, A3E, F1D, F2D, F3E, G1D, G2D and G3E with audio frequency filtering:
   1. 25 dB, measured with a bandwidth of 300 Hz, on any frequency removed from the centre frequency of the authorized bandwidth by more than 50%, up to and including 100% of the authorized bandwidth
   2. 35 dB, measured with a bandwidth of 300 Hz, on any frequency removed from the centre frequency of the authorized bandwidth by more than 100%, up to and including 250% of the authorized bandwidth
   3. 43 dB + 10 log₁₀ p dB, measured with a bandwidth of at least 30 kHz, on any frequency removed from the centre frequency of the authorized bandwidth by more than 250% of the authorized bandwidth
2. For emission types A1D, A3E, F1D, F2D, F3E, G1D, G2D and G3E without audio frequency filtering:
   1. 83 log₁₀(f_d/5) dB, measured with a bandwidth of 300 Hz, on any frequency removed from the centre frequency of the authorized bandwidth by a displacement frequency f_d of more than 5 kHz, up to and including 10 kHz
   2. 116 log₁₀(f_d/6.1) dB, measured with a bandwidth of 300 Hz, or 50 + 10 log₁₀ p dB on any frequency removed from the centre of the authorized bandwidth by a displacement frequency f_d of more than 10 kHz, up to and including 250% of the authorized bandwidth; whichever is less stringent
   3. 43 dB + 10 log₁₀ p dB, measured with a bandwidth of at least 30 kHz, on any frequency removed from the centre frequency of the authorized bandwidth by more than 250% of the authorized bandwidth
3. For emission types H1D, H3E, J1D, J3E, R1D and R3E:
   1. 25 dB, measured with a bandwidth of 300 Hz, on any frequency removed from the centre frequency of the authorized bandwidth by more than 50%, up to and including 150% of the authorized bandwidth
   2. 35 dB, measured with a bandwidth of 300 Hz, on any frequency removed from the centre frequency of the authorized bandwidth by more than 150%, up to and including 250% of the authorized bandwidth
   3. 43 dB + 10 log₁₀ p dB, measured with a bandwidth of at least 30 kHz, on any frequency removed from the centre frequency of the authorized bandwidth by more than 250% of the authorized bandwidth

Unwanted emissions falling within the restricted frequency bands of RSS-Gen shall be attenuated to the limits provided in this section or to the general field strength limits specified in RSS-Gen, whichever is less stringent.

E.1.9 Frequency stability

The carrier frequency stability shall not exceed ±2.5 ppm.

E.2 General Mobile Radio Service-M (GMRS-M)

This section applies specifically to General Mobile Radio Service-M (GMRS-M) devices.

E.2.1 Restrictions

The following restrictions shall apply:

1. A single digital data transmission from a GMRS-M device shall not exceed 250 ms, and the total digital data transmission time from an individual GMRS-M device shall not exceed 1 second within a 30-second period.
2. Devices shall not be designed:
   1. to interconnect to public switched telephone networks
   2. to transmit data in store-and-forward packet operation mode
   3. to operate in the continuous carrier transmit mode
3. All frequency determining circuitry, including crystals and programming controls, must be internal to the transmitter and made inaccessible to the user from the exterior of the device.

E.2.2 Channel frequencies

The 5 channel carrier frequencies shown in table E3, which are shared with FRS/GMRS, are available for GMRS-M operation.

E.2.3 Listen-Before-Talk

GMRS-M devices shall employ a Listen-Before-Talk (LBT) mechanism to detect the presence of any emission on the channel it intends to occupy. If an emission is present, the GMRS-M device shall not transmit.

GMRS-M devices may utilize a protocol that enables it to automatically select any 1 of the 5 available GMRS-M channels; however, the device shall only be capable of transmitting on one channel at any given time.

E.2.4 Emission types and modulation requirements

GMRS-M devices are permitted to transmit only the following emission types: A1D, A2B, A2D, A3E, F1D, F2B, F2D, F3E and G3E. Simultaneous amplitude modulation and frequency or phase modulation of a transmitter are not required.

For emission types F1D, F2B, F2D or F3E, the peak frequency deviation shall not exceed ±5 kHz.

For emission type A3E, the modulation shall be greater than 85% and shall not exceed 100%. For all other amplitude modulation, the modulation shall not exceed 100%.

E.2.5 Audio frequency filter

GMRS-M devices shall comply with the requirement to employ an audio frequency filter as outlined in section E.1.7.

E.2.6 Authorized bandwidth

The authorized bandwidth is 8 kHz for emission types A1D, A2B, A2D and A3E, and 20 kHz for emission types F1D, F2B, F2D, F3E and G3E.

E.2.7 Transmitter output power and e.r.p.

Transmitter output power shall be measured as average carrier power during one unmodulated cycle.

The maximum permissible transmitted e.r.p. of GMRS-M devices shall not exceed 2.0 W.

E.2.8 Transmitter unwanted emissions

Unwanted emissions shall be attenuated below the transmitter output power in accordance with the following, where “f_d” is the difference between the channel frequency and the emission component frequency expressed in kHz and “p” is the transmitter output power in Watts:

1. For emission types A1D, A2B, A2D, A3E, F1D, F2B, F2D, F3E and G3E with audio frequency filtering:
   1. 25 dB, measured with a bandwidth of 300 Hz, on any frequency removed from the centre frequency of the authorized bandwidth by more than 50%, up to and including 100% of the authorized bandwidth
   2. 35 dB, measured with a bandwidth of 300 Hz, on any frequency removed from the centre frequency of the authorized bandwidth by more than 100%, up to and including 250% of the authorized bandwidth
   3. 43 dB + 10 log₁₀ p dB, measured with a bandwidth of at least 30 kHz, on any frequency removed from the centre frequency of the authorized bandwidth by more than 250% of the authorized bandwidth
2. For emission types A1D, A2B, A2D, A3E, F1D, F2B, F2D, F3E and G3E without audio frequency filtering:
   1. 83 log₁₀(f_d/5) dB, measured with a bandwidth of 300 Hz, on any frequency removed from the centre frequency of the authorized bandwidth by a displacement frequency f_d of more than 5 kHz, up to and including 10 kHz
   2. 116 log₁₀(f_d/6.1) dB, measured with a bandwidth of 300 Hz, or 50 + 10 log₁₀ p dB on any frequency removed from the centre of the authorized bandwidth by a displacement frequency f_d of more than 10 kHz, up to and including 250% of the authorized bandwidth; whichever is less stringent
   3. 43 dB + 10 log₁₀ p dB, measured with a bandwidth of at least 30 kHz, on any frequency removed from the centre frequency of the authorized bandwidth by more than 250% of the authorized bandwidth

Unwanted emissions falling within the restricted frequency bands of RSS-Gen shall be attenuated to the limits provided in this section or to the general field strength limits specified in RSS-Gen, whichever is less stringent.

E.2.9 Transmitter frequency stability

The carrier frequency stability shall not exceed ±5 ppm.